Field Tests on Total Gap of Modular Expansion Joints to Avoid Bridge Pounding

Introduction Observations from major earthquakes indicate that a long-span bridge is likely to suffer differential movement between adjacent segments that can lead to severe damage (see e.g., Figure 1). The reasons include dissimilar fundamental frequencies of the participating structural members, spatially varying ground motion, and soil–structure interaction (SSI) (Chouw and Hao, 2009; Raheem, 2009; Bi […]